Page 124 - 《社会》2025年第3期
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社会的事件性
社会的事件性 社会
2025·3
CJS
涂尔干仪式理论的现象学诠释 第 45 卷
岳洋洋
摘 要: 在舒茨看来,“现象学社会学” 表现为胡塞尔的超越论现象学与韦伯
的理解社会学之间的奠基关系。 然而,奠基在超越论现象学之上的“现象学社
会学”却使舒茨无法通达自身显现的“社会”现象,因而正如吉登斯所批评的,
这样一门“现象学社会学”无法对社会世界本身做出合理的解释。 有鉴于此,
本文尝试在回顾舒茨的“现象学社会学”的基础之上,以涂尔干《宗教生活的基
本形式》一书中关于仪式的论述作为切入点,通过分析仪式的时间性,以求在
现象学上阐明社会世界之为社会世界,最终将“社会”现象的现象性揭示为事
件性。
关键词:现象学社会学 涂尔干 仪式 时间性 事件性
The Eventness of Society:A Phenomenological Interpretation
of Durkheim’s Ritual Theory
YUE Yangyang
Abstract:This article is a reconsideration of phenomenological sociology. Edmund
Husserl , in his later genetic phenomenology and studies on intersubjectivity ,
had already addressed issues relevant to sociology. Therefore, in the view of Alfred
Schutz, who was deeply influenced by Husserl, the conception of
“phenomenological sociology” is rooted in the intersection of Husserl’s
transcendental phenomenology and Weber’s interpretative sociology, that is, using
transcendental phenomenology to clarify the legitimacy of interpretative sociological
methods. However, “phenomenological sociology,” grounded in transcendental
phenomenology, simultaneously shares the presupposition about subjectivity of
transcendental phenomenology. This presupposition prevents Schutz from accessing
the phenomenon of Society as such, and thus, as criticized by Giddens, such a
“phenomenological sociology” cannot provide a reasonable explanation of the social
* 作者: 岳洋 洋 河南 师 范 大 学 社 会 事 业 学 院 (Author:YUE Yangyang,School of Social
Work,Henan Normal University)E鄄mail:yueyangyang03@163.com
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