Page 187 - 《社会》2022年第2期
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社会·2022·2
being placed side by side with life time events and social history, it can appear
anonymous and irrelevant. Anonymity refers to the unspeakable pain, inexplicable
sentimentality and nostalgia, not in words, but in tones and eyes, and in the atmosphere
and temperament of the entire community. Anonymity is manifested as a new disease that
is incurable and has not yet been named. Disconnection stems from the breakdown of the
relationship between man and land, from the increasingly dysfunctional marriage system
and dissipation of the moral world. The old gods left but the new ones have not yet
arrived. People are dominated by desires but unable to fulfil them. This “nothingness”
brings confusion and decadence of the people, and anxiety of the community. The
handling of “nothingness” reflects the transcendence of society and the mystery of life,
underscoring a period when the old structure is disappearing and the new one is slowly
burgeoning. It is a time that people are subjected to moral suspension. Thus, to
understand the flow of events and erratic life experience, we need to ground ourselves on
a structural鄄functional way of thinking, however, no less importantly, we also need to
investigate the entanglement between people’s desires, feelings, effects, motivations
and their societal surroundings.
Keywords:anonymity, disconnect, self and spirituality, Kachin
“如若人还要再度进入存在之近处,他就必须首先学会在
无名中实存。 他必须以相同方式既认识到公众状态之诱惑,又
认识到私人领域之无力。 ”
——海德格尔(2017:376)
—
一、引言
景颇人居住在中、缅、印三国边境,因艾德蒙·利奇(Leach, 1954)的
1
研究而成为人类学的经典研究对象之一。 !他们在汉、傣、缅三个民族
1. 缅甸景颇 人在习惯上被称为克钦人(Kachin),基本都信奉基督教。 中国 境 内景 颇 族
(Jingpo)一 半左右 保持着 献祭鬼 神 的 习 俗 , 而 印 度 东 北 部 的 新 颇 人(Singhpo)则 信 奉 佛
教。 他们都共同认可景颇这个身份,维系着彼此的婚姻交换。 景颇包括 7 个分支,其中景
颇支的语言是所有支系的祭祀用语,其山官制度也被认为是其他支系政治制度的模板,
本文讨论的是景颇支 (对景颇—克钦等各种称谓的历史渊源的细致考察可参见:Sadan,
2013)。 2003—2018 年,我在云南省盈江县的 5 个村寨断断续续展开了为期 36 个月的田
野调查。 这 5 个村寨的总人口超过 500 人,其中 95%以上是景颇族,村民彼此(转下页)
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