Page 165 - 《社会》2020年第6期
P. 165

社会·2020·6

              three orientations correspond to the childbearing experience of the different age groups
              of local women. The paper analyzes the multifaceted patterns of women’s practice in
              regard to their reproductive bodies. Specifically, the “memory oriented embodied
              practice” presents the chronological reproductive memories of women from different
              ethnic groups, and reflects the cultural shaping of women’s reproductive bodies and
              reveals how older women, who have undergone local modernization and transformation,
              understand their own experience and practice in the present. The“daily life and family
              relation oriented embodied practice”shows the continuity of daily life in the medical
              space. The presentation of bodily experience and embodied practice is, to some
              extent, the “tools” for women to express themselves and integrate with one another.
              The “medical technologies oriented embodied practice” is women’s compliance to
              medical technology when the medical situation overlaps with sociocultural
              expectations. Locally, the medicalized fertility process is not simply a medical
              process, but a process where multiple factors such as technology, culture, and relations
              interact with each other. Women try to reconcile these factors during the pregnancy
              through various practices, and in the process develop their own understanding and
              constructs of motherhood.
              Keywords:bodily experience, embodied practice, medicalization of fertility,
              motherhood






                一、问题的提出


               本文希望关注在民族地区的社会转型背景下,技术、文化、社会与
           家庭关系等要素是如何在医疗场景下与生育身体互动的, 在这个过程
           中,个体的能动或压抑又如何体现。 下文中的案例或许可以展现当身体
           的主体性与行动均缺席时,这些要素的互动过程。 我曾亲历并观察了一
           位孕妇被送诊的全过程,尽管我无法同这位已经昏迷的 24 岁藏族姑娘
           直接进行交流,她亦难以言说自己的身体体验,但发生在她身上的故事
           却体现着“母亲”和“病人”角色间的暧昧。
               通过和医护人员的交流,我了解到这位姑娘的身体是“残 缺 ”的 、
          “病 态 ” 的 : 她 曾 出 过 车 祸 , 并 因 此 被 摘 除 脾 脏 ; 同 时 , 她 患 有 胆 囊 肥
           大、贫血等并发症。 她因“先兆流产”入院,但是她的症状似乎与“先兆


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