Page 40 - 《社会》2025年第2期

算法重构：算法规则驱动下的劳资关系转变

labor鄄capital relations in the case study of pay cut at the Y online education
platform. Before the reduction，the ranking algorithm allocated course resources
based on teaching excellence，effectively increasing both platform revenue and
teacher income. The wage reduction was implemented in two phases. In the mild
salary reduction phase，through algorithm iteration，course resources were covertly
redirected towards lower鄄paid teachers，achieving cost reduction while maintaining
stability. During the mandatory pay reduction phase，in response to teacher
resistance，the sequencing algorithm was iterated again to allocate course resources
based on accurate identification of teacher risk of non鄄compliance. Throughout this
process，the platform shifted from concerns on development to the ones on control，
and the role of the algorithm transitioned from enhancing efficiency to exerting
control. Labor relations underwent two transformations，sequentially manifesting as
autocratic pluralism cooperation，autocratic pseudo鄄pluralism cooperation，and critical
perspective cooperation，with the degree of labor鄄capital cooperation gradually
decreasing. This article summarizes the capability of algorithms to drive transformation
in labor relations as “algorithmic reconstruction”. Based on their ability to
efficiently allocate resources，algorithms can iteratively change the expected outputs，
shift roles，and thus flexibly adjust the way of resource are deployed，and then
efficiently adapt to and achieve different organizational goals，and ultimately lead to
the transformation of labor relations. This finding helps to advance the study of the
dynamics of labor relations. Furthermore，given their critical role，algorithms must
be viewed as labor rules that should be subjected to multi鄄party supervision and
negotiation in order to better safeguard the rights of platform workers.
Keywords：transformation of labor鄄capital relations，algorithm reconstruction，labor鄄
capital cooperation type，algorithm control，salary reduction incident

一、 引言

平台经济的发展催生了“零工经济”（gig economy）这一新的劳动方
式，人们使用应用程序（通常也被称为平台）出售劳动力（Taylor，et al.，
2017：23）。 零工经济外在的灵活与弹性的工作方式吸引了越来越多的
劳动者，2023 年全国总工会发布的第九次全国职工队伍状况调查结果
显示，我国职工总数为 4.02 亿人左右，其中依托互联网平台就业的网

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