Page 215 - 《社会》2022年第5期

社会·2022·5

individual initiative and network context. We further explore the conditional effects of
individual initiative variables based on network context，and then reveal the intrinsic
correlation between the two explanatory paths. Using the China Educational Panel
Survey （CEPS） data for the 2014-2015 school year，this study obtained the following
findings：First，unlike the related findings abroad，this study finds that the
intergenerational network macro and micro effects both exist in the Chinese context.
Parental knowledge of other parents and network situational characteristics can both
improve children’s academic achievement. This finding is closely related to China's
Confucian cultural values and test鄄based education system. Second，as macro
intergenerational network resources increase，the returns to academic achievement from
individual initiative effects gradually increase. The factors that affect the enhancement of
network resources are mainly derived from network norms and relational class status，
while network density does not moderate the individual initiative effect. Third，the
indirect mechanism of macro and micro intergenerational networks was further
examined. To a certain extent，macro鄄micro intergenerational networks influence
children’s academic output by affecting family and peer social capital，academic
attitudes and behaviors. The above conclusions have important theoretical significance
in advancing further research on the macro鄄and micro鄄effects and mechanism of
intergenerational networks in the Chinese context，and the internal connections between
macro鄄 and micro鄄levels. At the same time，it also provides some theoretical support and
empirical evidence for a series of policies over the construction of parent group
networks.
Keywords：generational network，network context effect，individual initiative effect，
academic achievement，social capital

一、 引言

家庭是子女社会化的主要场所， 也是影响子女教育发展与地位获
得最重要的环境因素之一（ Coleman，1966）。 家庭如何更有效地塑造子
女的学业态度、社会行为以及教育获得等各类学业产出，以实现父母人
力资本的代际传递与转化，是研究者面临的重大现实议题。 社会学家科
尔曼（ Coleman，1988）在研究人力资本的代际传递时提出了社会资本的
解释机制，认为社会资本在父母人力资本转化为子代人力资本（学业成
就）的过程中发挥着至关重要的作用，由此引发了社会资本与学业成就

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