Page 65 - 《社会》2024年第4期

社会·2024·4

and agricultural technology in the process of agricultural transformation， taking into
account the technological application difficulties faced by farmers in agricultural
production. Based on the case study of Ji County in Hebei Province， this paper
suggests that agricultural technology promotion has gone through three stages：
namely， the state led stage during the collectivization period， the grassroots
agricultural market鄄driven stage during the reform period， and the new agricultural
management entities during the agricultural transformation period. Respectively，
agricultural technology has been linked to the rural society and applied to
agricultural production through three forms of organization鄄embedded， market鄄
embedded， and capital embedded. However， the embedded relationship between
agricultural technology and rural society is not necessarily realized through farmers’
mastery and application of agricultural technology. When the promotion of plant
protection technology is implemented through new agricultural management entities
in the form of projects， agricultural technology has realised its transfer and
redistribution from farmers to new management entities， and farmers have become
increasingly disconnected from agricultural technology. On the one hand， by
reconstructing farmers’ practical technology and raising the threshold of acquiring
modern agricultural technology， the substitution of professional knowledge for
practical knowledge has been accomplished. On the other hand， by increasing
support for machinery purchase and project operation for new farm management
entities， traditional services centred on mutual assistance and reciprocity among
friends and acquaintance have been continuously squeezed out， reducing technical
services to purely economic behaviors and substituting social relations with economic
relations. The social and knowledge disembedding of agricultural technology has led
to a disconnection of both technology and technology services from farmers. The
agricultural technology modernization can not be separated from the agricultural
modernization of farmers. Attention should be paid to the technological needs of
small farmers， and the reconstruction of a socialised system of agricultural services
with farmers as its core， and ultimately the modernization of agriculture and rural
China with peasants as the subject.
Keywords：technology disembedding， agricultural transformation， technology
transfer， technology embedding， agricultural technology extension

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