Page 8 - 《社会》2023年第2期
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山林与社会



                山林与社会                                                社会
                                                                     2023·2
                                                                     CJS
                                                                     第 43 卷
                渠敬东


                   摘   要:社会存于人世间,也存于人世外。 任何一个文明体的存在,都需要拥
                   有一种超越性的精神世界。 中国文明始终以政统和道统的双重体系而发展,而
                   山林文化系统则是承载道统的本体构造。 这个理想的世界将一种恒久的精神
                   力和神圣性注入人的心灵之中,成为了道统的依存之所。 山林文化系统形成于
                   魏晋隋唐时期。 佛道二教对于士大夫内在精神的培植,创造性地将孔子思想中
                   的隐逸观与老庄哲学中的自然观结合起来, 中国文明由此进入了一个以诗文
                   书画为载体而传承、守持和弘扬道统的时代。 山林文化系统始终与人世间、王
                   朝政治以及天下图景保持多重和多形态的互动。 关于山林与社会的讨论,意在
                   反思现代社会中人与世界的关联方式,给出另一种文明意义上的可能路向。
                   关键词:山林     社会   道统   文明


                   Shanlin and Society
                   QU Jingdong
                   Abstract:Society exists both in the human world and outside the human world. The
                   existence of a civilization cannot be limited to the maintenance and development of
                   realistic social elements but must have a transcendental spiritual world, which can
                   be cultivated into concrete history and people, and constructed into a continuing
                   life. Chinese civilization has always developed with the dual system of Zhengtong
                  (official orthodoxy) and Daotong (Confucian orthodoxy), and the shanlin
                  (maintains and forests) culture system is the ontological structure bearing the
                   Daotong. Compared with the normal society of cities and towns, shanlin and jianghu
                  (rivers and lakes) constitute an abnormal ideal world. This world, which seems to
                   have nothing to do with everyday society, infuses a kind of eternal spirit and
                   holiness into the human mind and becomes a place where Daotong depends.
                   Examining the evolution of Chinese civilization, it can be found that the shanlin
                   culture system was formed in the Wei, Jin, Sui and Tang Dynasties. Buddhism and

                * 作者:渠敬东    北京大学社会学系(Author: QU Jingdong, Department of Sociology, Peking
                University)E鄄mail:qujingdong70@163.com

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