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国际竞争与古代宪章:休谟论光荣革命与英格兰现代政体的形成
国际竞争与古代宪章:休谟论光荣 社会
2023·1
CJS
革命与英格兰现代政体的形成 第 43 卷
张 帅
摘 要:蒂利的资本化强制理论得到了学界的广泛认可,但是他在处理英格兰
历史经验时遇到了常备军的难题, 这要求我们更深入地理解英格兰改造古代
宪章以应对国际竞争的基本逻辑。 考察休谟对光荣革命的思考有助于推进蒂
利的分析。 面对国际竞争的挑战,国王借助专权强化国家,被视作引入绝对主
义的准备,引发了议会的猜忌和革命的爆发。 光荣革命通过限制专权、革新古
代宪章,既为议会和民众的自由诉求提供了制度保障,又为建立财政—军事国
家奠定了原则基础。 如何在国际竞争背景下革新自身传统,维护国家安全,容
纳民众的自由诉求,达成一个兼具自由理想和力量的秩序,既是深入理解光荣
革命和英格兰政体的关键,也是我们思考自身历史处境的起点。
关键词:国家建设 光荣革命 英格兰政体 古代宪章
International Rivalry and Ancient Constitution : Hume on the
Glorious Revolution and the Making of Modern Constitution
in England
ZHANG Shuai
Abstract: Charles Tilly’s theory of capitalized coercion based on the historical
experience of Western Europe has now been widely accepted by historical
sociologists. However,his difficulties in dealing with the English polity require us to
gain a deeper understanding of England’s efforts to transform ancient constitution in
order to establish a modern government that could accommodate the popular
demands of liberty as well as respond to the international competitions.Hume’s
analysis of the Glorious Revolution offers us valuable insights. Faced with
international challenges,the King attempted to strengthen the state power through a
series of unconventional religious and military policies that had threatened the
* 作者:张 帅 格拉斯哥大学社会与政治科学学院(Author:ZHANG Shuai, School of Social &
Political Sciences,University of Glasgow)E-mail:2475153z@student.gla.ac.uk
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