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虔敬主义伦理与普鲁士官僚制精神



                虔敬主义伦理与普鲁士                                           社会
                                                                     2022·2
                                                                     CJS
                官僚制精神                                                第 42 卷



                路    畅     蒙    克



                   摘   要: 理性化在韦伯思想中占据着重要位置, 然而韦伯对行政领域理性化
                   (即官僚制的出现)的论述并没有像对经济领域理性化(即资本主义的诞生)的
                   分析那般细致和系统, 尤其是韦伯没有如揭示资本主义精神背后的加尔文宗
                   教义那样,揭示官僚制的宗教伦理基础。 通过重返被韦伯视为理性官僚制典型
                   的普鲁士官僚制于 17—19 世纪的演变过程,可以发现路德宗虔敬主义在此扮
                   演着重要角色,并且对普鲁士官僚制精神的兴衰起到了重要作用,由此可以启
                   发我们从官僚化的价值伦理角度对韦伯的官僚制理论进行补充。
                   关键词:理性化      官僚化    虔敬主义    新教伦理    普鲁士

                   The Pietist Ethic and the Spirit of Prussian Bureaucracy
                   LU Chang MENG Ke
                   Abstract: Rationalization occupies a central place in Max Weber’s thought. However,
                   Weber’s discussion of rationalization in the administrative sphere (i.e., the emergence
                   of modern bureaucracy) is not as detailed and systematic as his analysis of
                   rationalization in the economic sphere (i.e., the birth of capitalism). Specifically,
                   Weber did not reveal the religious and ethical basis behind the emergency of rational
                   bureaucracy as he did with Calvinism behind the spirit of capitalism. In Weber’s
                   Economy and Society, the discussion of the administrative rationalization seems to make
                   a “leap” of argument from the economic to the administrative sphere, which seems not
                   particularly illuminating to our understanding of the complexity of the administrative
                   rationalization, especially its underlying ethics. Therefore, in this paper we first return to


                * 作者 1: 路畅 清华大 学公共 管理学 院 (Author 1:LU Chang,School of Public Policy and
                Management, Tsinghua University);作者 2:蒙克 清华大学公共管理学院(Author 2:MENG Ke,
                School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University)E-mail:kemeng@tsinghua.edu.cn
                   在本文的写作过程中,李朔严老师提供了诸多有益的建议,给予了笔者很多启发,两位匿
                名审稿专家也对本文提出了很多建设性的意见,在此深表感谢。 文责自负。

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