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research identifies a key characteristic of China’ s ecological poverty alleviation efforts:the effective integration
             of national policies with local initiatives. At the heart of this approach lies the harmonization of formal and infor
             mal institutions within a robust national policy framework, which has culminated in an effective model for poverty
             governance. In this model, formal national institutions provide rigid constraints and assurances necessary for the
             implementation of ecological poverty alleviation strategies. Concurrently,the intentional incorporation of tradi
             tional cultural values—such as reverence for nature and a commitment to poverty eradication—promotes the ad
             vancement of an ecological civilization. The interaction between formal and informal institutions during policy im

             plementation fosters mechanisms that are goal - oriented,cooperative,incentive - driven,and subject to over
             sight,all of which contribute to enhanced effectiveness in ecological poverty alleviation governance in China.
             〔 Key words〕Ecological Poverty Alleviation,Formal Institutions,Informal Institutions,Integration Mechanisms




             The Expression of Public Demands and the Responsive Governance Logic of Primary - Level Gov
             ernments:A Case Study of “ Government Hotline Supervision and Handling of Cases”in H Town,

             Central China as an Example                                               WU Chun - Lai  113



             〔 Abstract〕In the implementation of the 12345 government hotline,there is a tension between the diverse and
             individualized public demands and the responsibilities of township governments with overall jurisdiction. This
             tension necessitates adjustments in the routine governance mechanisms of townships to accommodate the localized
             pressures arising from demand - driven responses. The case study of “ Government Hotline Supervision Case
             Handling”in H Town reveals the following:( 1)The categorization of demand - related issues by the township
             allows alignment with the township’ s regular distribution of responsibilities and governance mechanisms,inclu
             ding sector - specific responsibility systems,designated responsibility systems,and central task systems. ( 2)


             The township optimizes administrative processes around demand response, establishing steps such as demand al
             location, response alerts, and targeted tracking, with the pressure for localized responses promoting the standard
             ization of grassroots administrative processes. Through precise demand allocation and supervisory follow - up to
             enhance responsiveness,the township’ s organizational resources are shown to adapt effectively to governance is
             sues and public demands. While the responsiveness of the grassroots government to public demands has im
             proved,the overall effectiveness of responses remains constrained by the limited attention capacity within the
             township system.
             〔 Key words〕12345 Government Hotline System,Township Governance,Public Demands,Government Re
             sponsiveness





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